Page 1 — Introduction and Context
Yemen’s long history of political instability and tribal rivalries has been intensified by the ongoing civil war, forcing countless families to flee their homes. Armed clashes between rival groups, compounded by weak governance and regional interference, have left civilians trapped in cycles of violence and displacement. For many families, migration abroad remains the only path to safety, as political conflict and tribal disputes continue to destabilise the nation.

Page 2 — Historical and Political Background
Yemen has long been marked by divisions between the formerly separate North and South. Unification in 1990 failed to erase deep-rooted rivalries, while decades of authoritarian rule entrenched corruption and inequality. Tribal allegiances have historically shaped Yemeni politics, with disputes often escalating into armed clashes. The eruption of civil war in 2014, triggered by the Houthi takeover of Sana’a, deepened these fractures. With state institutions weakened, tribal and political power struggles now dominate Yemen’s landscape, displacing civilians in the process.

Page 3 — Impact on Families
Political and tribal conflicts have taken a devastating toll on Yemeni families: - Displacement: millions uprooted from homes due to fighting. - Casualties: family members killed or injured in clashes. - Loss of livelihoods: farmland, businesses, and jobs destroyed by instability. - Separation: families split as members migrate abroad. - Insecurity: civilians caught in cycles of revenge between rival groups. These conditions drive families to seek safety outside Yemen’s borders.

Page 4 — Consequences for Citizens and Society
For individuals, displacement means uncertainty, poverty, and trauma. Refugee families often live in precarious conditions in neighbouring countries, dependent on aid with little chance of returning home.
For Yemeni society, political and tribal conflicts erode national unity and prevent reconstruction. The loss of families to migration weakens local communities, disrupts education, and deepens humanitarian challenges. Internationally, Yemen is seen as a fractured state, struggling to protect its citizens and provide stability.

Page 5 — Solutions and Conclusion
Ending the cycle of displacement requires addressing Yemen’s political and tribal conflicts. Key steps include: - Inclusive dialogue: bring together political and tribal leaders for reconciliation. - Strengthening governance: build institutions that can mediate disputes fairly. - Security guarantees: protect civilians from cycles of revenge and violence. - Support for families abroad: provide refugee assistance and opportunities for integration. - International engagement: promote peace processes that address Yemen’s internal divisions. Until such reforms are made, families will continue to flee abroad, victims of Yemen’s enduring political and tribal conflicts.