I. Introduction: A Nation Undermined from Within 
Venezuela, once a beacon of prosperity in Latin America, is now gripped by systemic corruption and authoritarian governance. The fusion of government oppression with endemic corruption has eroded public trust, dismantled democratic institutions, and driven millions of citizens into exile. As repression silences dissent and elites enrich themselves at the expense of the population, migration has become the only path to survival and freedom. 

II. Historical Roots of Corruption and Authoritarianism 
Corruption in Venezuela predates the current crisis but intensified during the Chávez era, when oil revenues were used to consolidate political loyalty. Under Nicolás Maduro, this corruption became even more entrenched, with resources diverted to sustain authoritarian rule. Institutions designed to ensure accountability were dismantled, reinforcing elite control. 

III. Capture of Oil Revenues 
Venezuela’s oil wealth, once a source of national pride, has been monopolised by political elites. Billions of dollars in oil revenues have disappeared through mismanagement, fraud, and embezzlement. Instead of funding public services, profits are channelled into private accounts or used to secure loyalty within the ruling party. 

IV. Everyday Corruption 
Ordinary Venezuelans face corruption at every turn. From bribing officials for medical care or passports to navigating shortages of basic goods, citizens are trapped in a system where survival depends on favours or payments. This widespread corruption deepens inequality and fuels resentment. 

V. Oppression of Political Opposition 
Government oppression is central to Venezuela’s crisis. Opposition leaders face imprisonment, exile, or disqualification from elections. Peaceful protests are violently suppressed, with security forces implicated in torture and extrajudicial killings. By silencing dissent, the government ensures its grip on power. 

VI. Media Censorship and Civil Society Repression 
Independent media outlets have been shuttered or taken over by pro-government interests. Journalists face harassment and arrests, while civil society organisations are accused of conspiring with foreign powers. This shrinking civic space leaves citizens without channels to hold the government accountable. 

VII. Impact on Economy and Daily Life 
Corruption and oppression have devastated Venezuela’s economy and society. Hyperinflation, unemployment, and shortages of food and medicine have left millions struggling to survive. For many, the collapse of livelihoods and lack of freedoms make migration the only viable choice. 

VIII. Migration as an Escape from Corruption 
Citizens fleeing Venezuela describe not only economic desperation but also suffocating repression and daily corruption. Exile offers an escape from exploitation and a chance to rebuild lives in dignity. The growing diaspora underscores the depth of the crisis and the failures of governance at home. 

IX. International Condemnation 
Human rights organisations and international watchdogs have consistently condemned Venezuela’s corruption and repression. Sanctions have been imposed on government officials accused of embezzlement and human rights violations, yet the ruling elite remain entrenched, shielded by loyal security forces and international allies. 

X. Regional Consequences of Migration 
The exodus of Venezuelans has placed immense strain on neighbouring countries. Colombia, Peru, and Brazil host millions of migrants, facing challenges in providing healthcare, housing, and employment. Despite hardships, these migrants continue to support families back home through remittances, highlighting both resilience and desperation. 

XI. Resilience of the Diaspora 
Venezuelans abroad have formed strong diaspora communities that advocate for democracy and human rights. They amplify the voices of those silenced at home, bringing international attention to government abuses. Their resilience serves as both a lifeline for those left behind and a testament to the struggle against corruption and repression. 

XII. Conclusion: Fleeing Oppression and Corruption 
Venezuela’s deepening crisis is fuelled by the toxic combination of corruption and authoritarian oppression. As elites enrich themselves and dissent is crushed, ordinary citizens face hunger, insecurity, and despair. For millions, migration has become the only path to survival and dignity, leaving Venezuela with one of the largest diasporas in the world. Until genuine reforms dismantle corruption and restore freedoms, the exodus will continue to define the nation’s trajectory.