Introduction and Context
South Sudan’s fragile stability is further undermined by the targeting of religious leaders who play vital roles in peacebuilding, reconciliation, and humanitarian relief. Across the country, priests, pastors, imams, and other faith leaders face harassment, intimidation, and violence from armed groups and political elites.

As trusted figures in society, religious leaders often speak out against injustice and call for peace, making them targets for those who profit from war and corruption. In conflict-affected areas, churches and mosques that provide sanctuary are raided or destroyed, further weakening the protection of civilians.

This article explores the threats facing South Sudan’s religious leaders, their critical role in peacebuilding, and the urgent need to safeguard their work.


Historical Role of Religious Leaders
Religious leaders have long been central to South Sudanese society, not only as spiritual guides but also as mediators in times of crisis. During the liberation struggle and later conflicts, churches and mosques often sheltered civilians and advocated for dialogue.

The South Sudan Council of Churches (SSCC) and other religious bodies have repeatedly urged warring parties to cease violence and prioritise reconciliation. Their calls have sometimes succeeded in facilitating local peace agreements.

Yet this moral authority has also put them in conflict with political and military actors who resent criticism or fear the unifying power of religious voices.


Threats and Violence
In recent years, religious leaders have been increasingly targeted. Reports describe clergy being harassed, detained, or even killed for speaking out against corruption, ethnic violence, or human rights abuses. Armed groups have looted churches, attacked worshippers, and destroyed places of worship.

Muslim and Christian leaders alike face risks when mediating between rival communities, as armed actors may perceive them as threats to their influence.

Some leaders are forced into silence or exile, depriving communities of voices for peace at a time when they are most needed.


Humanitarian and Social Impact
The targeting of religious leaders has severe consequences for South Sudanese society. Faith institutions are among the few remaining structures trusted by communities, especially in areas where government presence is weak. When leaders are silenced, communities lose advocates for justice, reconciliation, and humanitarian protection.

Religious organisations also play a key role in delivering aid, providing education, and running health services. Attacks on these institutions reduce access to critical support, leaving vulnerable families without assistance.

The intimidation of faith leaders deepens mistrust between communities and undermines grassroots peacebuilding efforts.


Protection, Accountability, and Conclusion
Protecting religious leaders is essential for building peace in South Sudan. Their moral authority and grassroots connections make them vital allies in reconciliation and humanitarian work.

Key steps include:
- Accountability: investigate and prosecute attacks on religious leaders and institutions.
- Security guarantees: ensure armed groups respect churches, mosques, and faith leaders as neutral spaces.
- Support for faith-based peacebuilding: provide resources to initiatives led by the South Sudan Council of Churches and other religious networks.
- International solidarity: amplify the voices of threatened leaders and ensure their safety through diplomatic pressure.

Until religious leaders are protected, South Sudan will continue to lose some of its most powerful voices for peace. Safeguarding their work is not only a matter of human rights but also a crucial step toward building a stable and inclusive future.